§ 01  /  NoteHow to read this list

The numbered citations below correspond to the bracketed inline markers across the site. Each entry includes the journal of record, year, volume and pages where applicable, DOI when available, and a PubMed or primary-source URL. Outbound links here are intentional and lead only to legitimate primary sources — PubMed, PubMed Central, ClinicalTrials.gov, the FDA, the World Anti-Doping Agency, and peer-reviewed journals. No portfolio interlinks appear here or anywhere on this site.

§ 02  /  The listNumbered citations

  1. Raun K, Hansen BS, Johansen NL, Thogersen H, Madsen K, Ankersen M, Andersen PH. Ipamorelin, the first selective growth hormone secretagogue. European Journal of Endocrinology. 1998;139(5):552–561. DOI 10.1530/eje.0.1390552 PubMed 9849822 ↗
  2. Gobburu JV, Agerso H, Jusko WJ, Ynddal L. Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling of Ipamorelin, a Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide, in Human Volunteers. Pharmaceutical Research. 1999;16(9):1412–1416. DOI 10.1023/A:1018955126402 PubMed 10496658 ↗
  3. Beck DE, Sweeney WB, McCarter MD; Ipamorelin 201 Study Group. Prospective, randomized, controlled, proof-of-concept study of the Ghrelin mimetic ipamorelin for the management of postoperative ileus in bowel resection patients. International Journal of Colorectal Disease. 2014;29(12):1527–1534. DOI 10.1007/s00384-014-2030-8 PubMed 25331030 ↗
  4. Helsinn Therapeutics (US), Inc. Safety and Efficacy of Ipamorelin Compared to Placebo for the Recovery of Gastrointestinal Function. ClinicalTrials.gov registry record NCT01280344. 2014. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01280344 ↗
  5. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. FDA Briefing Document, Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee Meeting (October 29, 2024) — Ipamorelin Acetate and Ipamorelin (free base) review for 503A Bulks Regulation. 2024. FDA PCAC 2024 materials ↗
  6. U.S. Food and Drug Administration / Lexology summary / Holt Law summary. FDA Briefing Document on Ipamorelin (PCAC, October 2024) — aggregation, immunogenicity, and unnatural amino acid characterization concerns. 2024. Lexology summary ↗
  7. U.S. Food and Drug Administration; secondary summary by Hone Health and ProPublica. FDA Briefing Document on Ipamorelin (PCAC, October 2024) — serious adverse event reference. 2024. ProPublica coverage ↗
  8. World Anti-Doping Agency. World Anti-Doping Code International Standard — The 2026 Prohibited List, Section S2.2.4 (Growth Hormone Releasing Factors). 2026. WADA Prohibited List ↗
  9. Adeghate E, Ponery AS. Mechanism of ipamorelin-evoked insulin release from the pancreas of normal and diabetic rats. Neuroendocrinology Letters. 2004;25(6):403–406. PubMed 15665801 ↗
  10. Stokes AH, Falls JG, Yoon L, Cariello N, Faiola B, Colton HM, Jordan HL, Berridge BR. Integrated approach to early detection of cardiovascular toxicity induced by a ghrelin receptor agonist. Toxicologic Pathology. 2015;43(5):709–721. DOI 10.1177/0192623315573029 PubMed 25722321 ↗
  11. Buscail E, Deraison C. Postoperative ileus: A pharmacological perspective. British Journal of Pharmacology. 2022;179(13):3283–3305. DOI 10.1111/bph.15800 Wiley Online Library ↗
  12. Mosinska P, Zatorski H, Storr M, Fichna J. Future Treatment of Constipation-associated Disorders: Role of Relamorelin and Other Ghrelin Receptor Agonists. Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility. 2017;23(2):171–179. DOI 10.5056/jnm16183 PMC5383112 ↗
  13. Tu L, Lu Z, Ngan MP, Lam FFY, Giuliano C, Lovati E, Pietra C, Rudd JA. The growth hormone secretagogue receptor 1a agonists, anamorelin and ipamorelin, inhibit cisplatin-induced weight loss in ferrets: Anamorelin also exhibits anti-emetic effects via a central mechanism. Physiology & Behavior. 2024;284:114631. DOI 10.1016/j.physbeh.2024.114631 PubMed 39032817 ↗
  14. Preventive Medicine Daily editorial / pharmacovigilance review. Gray-Market Peptides from China: A Pharmacovigilance Analysis of Safety Risks and Consumer Protection. 2024. Preventive Medicine Daily ↗
  15. Johansen PB, Nowak J, Skjaerbaek C, Flyvbjerg A, Andreassen TT, Wilken M, Orskov H. Ipamorelin, a new growth-hormone-releasing peptide, induces longitudinal bone growth in rats. Growth Hormone & IGF Research. 1999;9(2):106–113. DOI 10.1054/ghir.1999.9998 PubMed 10373343 ↗
  16. Lall S, Balthasar N, Carmignac D, Magoulas C, Sesay A, Houston P, Robinson IC. Chronic in vivo Ipamorelin treatment stimulates body weight gain and growth hormone (GH) release in vitro in young female rats. Growth Hormone & IGF Research. 2003;13(2-3):126–136. DOI 10.1016/S1096-6374(03)00018-8 ScienceDirect ↗
  17. Lin TC, Hsiao M. Is there an effect of ghrelin/ghrelin analogs on cancer? A systematic review. Endocrine-Related Cancer. 2017;24(7):C45–C50. DOI 10.1530/ERC-16-0489 PMC5064755 ↗
  18. Ishida J, Saitoh M, Ebner N, Springer J, Anker SD, von Haehling S. Growth hormone secretagogues: history, mechanism of action, and clinical development. JCSM Rapid Communications. 2020;3(1):25–37. DOI 10.1002/rco2.9 Wiley Online Library ↗